![]() Roasting or heating the seeds in a dry pan heightens the flavour, aroma, and pungency. Ĭoriander is commonly found both as whole dried seeds and in ground form. Types with smaller fruit are produced in temperate regions and usually have a volatile oil content of around 0.4–1.8%, so they are highly valued as a raw material for the preparation of essential oil. They are used extensively for grinding and blending purposes in the spice trade. Morocco, India, and Australia, and contain a low volatile oil content (0.1–0.4%). Large-fruited types are grown mainly by tropical and subtropical countries, e.g. microcarpum fruits have a diameter of 1.5–3.0 mm (0.06–0.12 in), and var. sativum has a fruit diameter of 3–5 mm ( 1⁄ 8– 3⁄ 16 in), while var. It is described as warm, nutty, spicy, and orange-flavoured. The seeds have a lemony citrus flavour when crushed due to terpenes linalool and pinene. The word "coriander" in food preparation may refer solely to these seeds (as a spice), rather than the plant. ( April 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification. Later, coriander was mentioned by Hippocrates (around 400 BC), as well as Dioscorides (65 AD). This appears to be confirmed by archaeological evidence from the same period the large quantities of the species retrieved from an Early Bronze Age layer at Sitagroi in Macedonia could point to cultivation of the species at that time. One of the Linear B tablets recovered from Pylos refers to the species as being cultivated for the manufacture of perfumes it was used in two forms – as a spice for its seeds and as an herb for the flavour of its leaves. Ĭoriander seems to have been cultivated in Greece since at least the second millennium BC. The Ebers Papyrus, an Egyptian text dated around 1550 BC, mentioned uses of coriander. : 163Ībout 500 millilitres (17 US fl oz) of coriander mericarps were recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamen, and because this plant does not grow wild in Egypt, Zohary and Hopf interpret this find as proof that coriander was cultivated by the ancient Egyptians. If these finds do belong to these archaeological layers, they are the oldest find of coriander in the world. įifteen desiccated mericarps were found in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B level (six to eight thousand years ago) of the Nahal Hemar Cave, published in Kislev 1988, and eleven from ~8,000–7,500 years ago in Pre-Pottery Neolithic C in Atlit-Yam, published as Kislev et al. The accession found in Israel has an extremely hard fruit coat. They have low germination rates and a small vegetative appearance. Origin and history Ĭoriander grows wild over a wide area of Western Asia and Southern Europe, prompting the comment: "It is hard to define exactly where this plant is wild and where it only recently established itself." Recent works suggested that coriander accessions found in the wild in Israel and Portugal might represent the ancestor of the cultivated coriander. It is the common term in American English for coriander leaves due to their extensive use in Mexican cuisine. Ĭilantro is the Spanish word for coriander, also deriving from coriandrum. The earliest attested form of the word is the Mycenaean Greek ko-ri-ja-da-na (variants: ko-ri-a 2-da-na, ko-ri-ja-do-no, ko-ri-jo-da-na) written in Linear B syllabic script (reconstructed as koriadnon, similar to the name of Minos' daughter Ariadne) which later evolved to koriannon or koriandron, and Koriander ( German). Etymology įirst attested in English during the late 14th century, the word "coriander" derives from the Old French coriandre, which comes from Latin coriandrum, in turn from Ancient Greek κορίαννον koríannon (or κορίανδρον koríandron), possibly derived from or related to κόρις kóris (a bed bug), and was given on account of its foetid, bed bug-like smell. Pollen size is approximately 30 μm (0.0012 in). The fruit is a globular, dry schizocarp 3–5 mm ( 1⁄ 8– 3⁄ 16 in) in diameter. The flowers are borne in small umbels, white or very pale pink, asymmetrical, with the petals pointing away from the centre of the umbel longer (5–6 mm or 3⁄ 16– 1⁄ 4 in) than those pointing toward it (only 1–3 mm or 1⁄ 16– 1⁄ 8 in long). The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the flowering stems. It is a soft plant growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall. Coriander is native to regions spanning from Southern Europe and Northern Africa to Southwestern Asia.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |